Can clothes protect my skin from the sun?

Dear Reader,

What a sun-sational question! Your question is a great reminder that wearing sunscreen isn’t the only way to protect your skin from the sun. Clothes can also be a helpful, consistent protector. The sun emits ultraviolet (UV) radiation, which can reach your skin even on cloudy or colder days. Clothing can be a physical barrier that can absorb, block, or reflect this radiation before it reaches your skin.   

Can clothes protect my skin from the sun? 

Clothes aren’t just for fashion statements; they can reduce UV rays from reaching your skin. A measurement called the ultraviolet protection factor (UPF) highlights how much UV radiation reaches skin through fabric. For example, a garment with a UPF of 50 allows 1/50 of the sun rays to pass through. This means it’s blocking 98 percent of UV radiation. Ultraviolet protection factor ratings between 30 and 49 provide good protection, while ratings of 50 and higher are considered excellent.  

Even if clothing doesn’t have a special UPF rating label, everyday clothing can provide sun protection depending on the color, material, and construction. If you're going for the off-duty model look, a white t-shirt has a UPF of about 7 and a pair of denim jeans have a UPF of 1,700. 

What types of clothes protect my skin from the sun? 

One feature that influences the level of protection in clothing is its color. Darker (black, navy blue) or brighter (neon yellow, vivid red) colors tend to absorb more UV rays. Lighter colored fabrics (white, beige) may allow more radiation to pass through, making it less protective, although they can feel cooler in warm weather. 

Fabric structure is also important. Densely woven materials, such as denim or synthetic fabrics like polyester, generally provide more protection. Fabrics with larger gaps between fibers typically allow more UV radiation to the skin. Loosely woven fabrics have fewer gaps between fibers.  

Fit and coverage also play a role! Clothing that covers more skin reduces overall sun exposure. Loose fitting clothing tends to provide more protection than tight clothing. When fabric stretches, the fibers spread apart, which allows for more radiation to pass through. Wet clothing can also stretch and become less protective than dry clothing. 

Clothing is generally an accessible way to reduce UV exposure. Comfort is worth considering, especially in warm weather. Lightweight, loose-fitting, breathable fabrics help maintain airflow, make sun protection more comfortable, and reduce the chances of overheating.  

Can accessories also protect my skin from the sun? 

Accessories can also provide additional protection. Wide-brim sun hats (3+ inch brim) help protect the face, ears, and neck, reducing the risk of many common forms of skin-related damage. Sunglasses that are rated UV 400 and meet the ANSI Z80.3 standard help reduce UV exposure to the eyes, which can be impacted by direct sunlight and reflected from surfaces like snow. Wrap-around styles or close-fitting frames provide more complete coverage. 

Footwear and specialty fabrics also contribute to protection. Closed-design shoes, like sneakers, provide more coverage from the sun. There are also UV-absorbing dyes that enhance protection on clothing. However, it’s important to note that over time, fading and thinning can reduce the protective properties. 

Who should protect themselves from the sun? 

Sun protection is relevant for everyone because UV radiation affects all skin types. Some individuals may be more sensitive to UV rays, including those with lighter skin tones, lighter hair, a personal or family history of skin-related conditions or those taking certain medications.  

Are there benefits to getting some sun?  

Sunlight plays an important role in vitamin D production, which supports bone health and strengthens the immune system. Getting some sun is a simple way to meet your daily vitamin D needs. Researchers suggest that about 5 to 30 minutes of direct sunlight each day is sufficient, as longer exposure may increase health risks such as skin cancer. 

Vitamin D can also be obtained from foods like fish, dairy products, eggs, and fortified beverages. Because the body produces only a limited amount of vitamin D at a time, extended sun exposure doesn’t necessarily boost production beyond what is needed. That said, it’s important to balance sun exposure with proper sun safety. 

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So, wear the outfit, take the walk, wear sunscreen, and sit in the park to enjoy the sunshine! A few clothing choices can help you stay protected while you’re out there living life. If you have any concerns about potential sun damage, you may want to consider making an appointment with a dermatologist (a physician who specializes in skin, hair, and nails). 

Keep on shining,